Subjunctive

1. Wish (Ingin)
• Present subjunctive (masih ada kemungkinan terjadi)
The underlined words below are past tense and the facts are present tense. So it’s called present subjunctive. In the other words, present subjunctive has past o/c and present fact.
Example:
a. I wish I were Barack Obama
Fact: I am not Barack Obama
b. She wishes she went to the meeting
Fact: she doesn’t go to the meeting
• Past subjunctive (sudah tidak ada kemungkinan terjadi)
The underlined words below are past perfect tense and the facts are past tense. So it’s called past subjunctive. In the other words, past subjunctive has past perfect o/c and past fact.
Example:
a. I wished I had been a doctor
Fact: I wasn’t a doctor
b. She wished she had gone to the meeting
Fact: she didn’t go to the meeting

2. If only (Jika dan Hanya Jika)
Example:
a. If only she didn’t ask me (present subjunctive)
Fact: she asks me
b. If only she hadn’t ask me (past subjunctive)
Fact: she asked me

3. As thought (Seolah-olah)
Example:
a. She stares at me as thought she didn’t know me (present subjunctive)
Fact: she knows me
b. She stares at me as thought she hadn’t known me (past subjunctive)
Fact: she knew me

4. Would rather (Lebih Suka)
Example:
a. I would rather you told me the news (present subjunctive)
Fact: you don’t tell me the news
b. I would rather you had told me the news (past subjunctive)
Fact: You didn’t tell me the news

5. As if (Seolah-olah)
Example:
a. He behaves as if he were the owner of the hotel (present subjunctive)
Fact: he is not the owner of the hotel
b. He behaves as if he had been the owner of the hotel (past subjunctive)
Fact: he was not the owner of the hotel